This Day In History, October 27th.
Five Historical Events That Happened on October 27th
312 AD: The Roman Emperor Constantine I defeats his opponent Maxentius at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, establishing his position as the only ruler of the Western Roman Empire.
Mary I of England is crowned Queen in 1553 - Mary, the only surviving child of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, becomes England's first queen regnant.
Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay publish the first in a series of articles advocating for the ratification of the United States Constitution in 1787 AD.
The first line of the New York City Subway system, extending from City Hall to 145th Street, formally opens to the public in 1904.
1962 AD: The United States imposes a naval blockade on Cuba, sparking a tense confrontation with the Soviet Union that lasts over two weeks.
312 AD: Battle of the Milvian Bridge - The Roman emperor Constantine I defeats his rival Maxentius, securing his position as the sole ruler of the Western Roman Empire.
The Battle of the Milvian Bridge was a major military conflict that took place near Rome on October 27, 312 AD. It was fought between Constantine I and Maxentius, two competing Roman emperors. Constantine triumphed and established himself as the unquestioned ruler of the Western Roman Empire. The fight is remembered for its connection to Constantine's conversion to Christianity, which is claimed to have happened either before or after the battle. Constantine was motivated to adopt Christianity and foster religious tolerance throughout the empire after seeing a vision of the Christian cross in the sky with the words "In this sign, you shall conquer," according to mythology.
1553 AD: Mary I of England is crowned Queen - Mary, the only surviving child of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, becomes the first queen regnant of England.
Following the death of her half-brother, King Edward VI, on October 27, 1553, Mary I was crowned Queen of England. Mary was King Henry VIII's sole surviving child with his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. She is well-known for her efforts to reestablish Catholicism in England following her father's and half-brother's Protestant reforms. During her five-year rule, she received the moniker "Bloody Mary" for her persecution of Protestants, which resulted in the death of hundreds. Mary's reign ended when she died in 1558, and her half-sister, Elizabeth I, became one of England's most renowned queens.
1787 AD: First of the Federalist Papers published - Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay publish the first in a series of essays advocating for the ratification of the United States Constitution.
The first of the Federalist Papers was published in a New York newspaper on October 27, 1787. The Federalist Papers were a collection of 85 essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay in order to persuade the American people to approve the newly proposed United States Constitution. The writings were published under the pen name "Publius" and covered a wide variety of government-related issues, such as the separation of powers, the significance of a strong federal government, and the need for a bill of rights. The Federalist Papers are regarded as one of the most influential works of political thought in American history, and they played a crucial part in the Constitution's ratification.
1904 AD: First New York City Subway line opens - The first line of the New York City Subway system, running from City Hall to 145th Street, officially opens to the public.
The first line of the New York City Subway system opened to the public on October 27, 1904. The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) operated the line, which stretched from City Hall in midtown Manhattan to 145th Street in Harlem. The subway was a huge success and quickly became an important element of New York City's transportation system. The initial line featured 28 stops and a nickel (five cents) charge, making it affordable to many New Yorkers. The New York City Subway is now one of the world's largest and busiest public transit networks, with 472 stops and over 5 million daily users.
1962 AD: Cuban Missile Crisis - The United States imposes a naval quarantine on Cuba, triggering a tense standoff with the Soviet Union that lasts for nearly two weeks.
The Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962 was one of the most deadly Cold War confrontations between the United States and the Soviet Union. The discovery of Soviet missile installations in Cuba, which the US administration considered as a direct danger to national security, ignited the conflict. In response, President John F. Kennedy declared Cuba a naval quarantine, essentially preventing Soviet ships carrying missiles from reaching the island. The crisis lasted 13 days and pushed the world closer to nuclear war than at any time in history. The Soviet Union eventually agreed to withdraw the missiles in exchange for a US guarantee not to invade Cuba and to remove US missiles from Turkey.