This Day In History, September 14th.
Five Historical Events That Happened on September 14th
Byzantium, an old Roman city, was renamed Constantinople by Roman Emperor Constantine I in 326 AD.
1812: After the Russian army withdrew from Moscow, Napoleon Bonaparte's French Grande Armée entered the city.
While attending the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York, in 1901, anarchist Leon Czolgosz shot U.S. President William McKinley, killing him.
1982: In Lebanon's Sabra and Shatila refugee camps, the Lebanese Christian militia Phalange massacres Palestinian refugees.
2008: The Large Hadron Collider, the biggest and most potent particle accelerator in the world, is turned on for the first time in Geneva, Switzerland, under the Swiss-French border.
326 AD: The ancient Roman city of Byzantium was renamed Constantinople by Roman Emperor Constantine I.
Byzantium, an ancient Greek metropolis, was formally renamed Constantinople in 326 AD, in honor of the Roman Emperor Constantine I. Until it was seized by the Ottoman Turks in 1453 and given the new name of Istanbul, the city was the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire and later the Byzantine Empire for more than a millennium. The city is now the biggest in Turkey and a significant political, economic, and cultural hub for the nation.
1812: The French Grande Armée, under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte, enters Moscow, which had been abandoned by the Russian army.
The Russian army had left Moscow during the Napoleonic Wars in 1812, and the French Grande Armée, under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte, invaded the city. The city was mostly deserted and in ruins when the French soldiers arrived, and the flames started by the retreating Russians were still blazing. The French were unable to make any substantial gains in Russia and were forced to retire through the harsh Russian winter, which ultimately caused Napoleon's empire to fall. This was a turning point in the war.
1901: U.S. President William McKinley dies of gunshot wounds inflicted by an anarchist, Leon Czolgosz, while attending the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.
U.S. President William McKinley was assassinated on September 14, 1901, by anarchist Leon Czolgosz in Buffalo, New York, while he was visiting the Pan-American Exposition. Eight days later, on September 14, McKinley passed away. The murder shocked the American people and sparked a wave of anti-anarchist sentiment there. Czolgosz was swiftly apprehended, put on trial, and put to death for his crime.
1982: The Lebanese Christian militia, Phalange, massacre Palestinian refugees in the Sabra and Shatila refugee camps in Beirut, Lebanon.
With the cooperation of Israeli soldiers, the Lebanese Christian paramilitary Phalange attacked the Sabra and Shatila Palestinian refugee camps in Beirut, Lebanon, on September 14, 1982, and massacred defenseless Palestinian refugees as well as Lebanese Shia Muslims. Although the precise number is unknown, estimates place the victims between a few hundred and a few thousand. The massacre was strongly denounced by the world community, and ultimately resulted in the resignation of Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon, who was later proven to have allowed the Phalange to access the camps, indirectly contributing to the killing.
2008: The Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator, is powered up for the first time beneath the Swiss-French border near Geneva, Switzerland.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator, was turned on for the first time on September 14, 2008, beneath the Swiss-French border in Geneva, Switzerland. The LHC was created to explore the universe's tiniest particles and to aid scientists in understanding the underlying rules of existence. It is made up of a 27-kilometer ring of superconducting magnets that accelerate particle beams to near the speed of light and smash them together. Since then, the LHC has been used to discover the Higgs boson particle, among other key discoveries in particle physics.